可回售债券翻译

A. 可转债赎回和回售有什么区别

赎回和回售的区别：

从投资者角度看：所谓的回售是投资者拥有将手中债券卖回给发行公司的一项选择权，换句话说是投资者拥有的一项看跌期权，你甚至可以理解为在回售条款中，投资者相当于看跌期权的多头，拥有卖回去的权利。

但在赎回条款中，正好相反，赎回条款是公司拥有权利按照事先约定的价格把债券买回来，换句话讲，对于发行公司，赎回条款相当于一向看涨期权，投资公司拥有将债券买回来的选择权，而投资者主要承担将债券卖回去的潜在义务。

拓展资料：

可转换债券是债券持有人可按照发行时约定的价格将债券转换成公司的普通股票的债券。如果债券持有人不想转换，则可以继续持有债券，直到偿还期满时收取本金和利息，或者在流通市场出售变现。

如果持有人看好发债公司股票增值潜力，在宽限期之后可以行使转换权，按照预定转换价格将债券转换成为股票，发债公司不得拒绝。该债券利率一般低于普通公司的债券利率，企业发行可转换债券可以降低筹资成本。

可转换债券持有人还享有在一定条件下将债券回售给发行人的权利，发行人在一定条件下拥有强制赎回债券的权利。

B. 可转债回售是什么意思

可转债回售是指可转债投资者有权将持有的可转债卖回给发行可转债的上市公司的权利。

C. 用通俗的话讲一下，可转换债券中的回售条款是什么

回售条款： 是指如果可转债在发行后正股价格大幅下跌，当其正股价格远低于转股价格并达到一定条件的，投资者可以依照事先约定以债券面值加利息补偿金的方式将可转债回售给发行人。
该条款的一般格式：本转债的最后两个计息年度，公司股票收盘价连续30个交易日低于转股极价的70%，债券持有人可将部分或全部债券按面值的103%回售给公司。
回首条款是站在投资者角度设立的，一般需要回售的转债的价格都偏低，转股也是明显的亏损，相比之下回售给公司更划算。一般的转债发行都有赎回条款和回售条件，具有法律效力，投资者的合法权益可以得到保障。
可转债交易基本规则及低佣金的开户流程可以发给你，不清楚的还可以问我哦。

D. 债券回售和债券回购有什么区别

1、定义不同

债券回售是指发行人承诺在正股股价持续若干天低于转股价格或非上市公司股票未能在规定期限内发行上市，发行人以一定的溢价（高于面值）收回持有人持有的转债。

而债券回购是指债券交易的双方在进行债券交易的同时，以契约方式约定在将来某一日期以约定的价格（本金和按约定回购利率计算的利息），由债券的“卖方”（正回购方）向“买方”（逆回购方）再次购回该笔债券的交易行为。

2、受益方不同

债券回售是在触发某个条件的情况下投资者有权利将持有的证券卖回给发行人，是针对资产支持证券的一种投资者选择权。而债券回购条款的设计主要是赋予了原始权益人一种可以提前结束专项计划的权利，主要是保护原始权益人。

3、发生的条件不同

债券回售这种条款通常出现在期限较长的产品中，例如以不动产、物业收费权等作为基础资产的ABS产品中往往都会设计这样的条款。而债券回购是当资产支持证券的未偿本金低于某个阈值的时候，原始权益人通过行使清仓回购选择权提前结束专项计划。

E. 什么是可转换公司债券的赎回和回售请说明其危害和好处，说的实际店，谢谢

你好，可转换债券，又简称可转债，是我国上市公司目前最常见的混合融资方式，是一种混合型证券，是公司普通债券和证券期权的组合体。可转换债券的持有人在一定期限内，可以按照事先规定的价格或者转换比例将债券转换为普通股票，也可以放弃转换权利，持有至债券到期还本付息，获得固定收益。
可转换债券的两种基本类型
不可分离的可转换债券，是股权与债券不可分离的可转换债券，债券持有人只能按照债券面额和约定的转股价格，在规定的期限内完成债券与公司股票的转换。
可分离交易可转换债券，是认股权和公司债券可以分离的可转换债券，其发行时附有认股权证，发行上市后，公司债券和认股权证各自独立流通和交易。
可转换债券的投融资价值
对于投资者来说，可转换债券的持有人具有在未来以一定的价格购买股票的权利，在可转换债券进入转股期后，如果公司的股价较高，投资者可以选择将可转换债券转换为公司股票，获得股价上升的收益；如果公司股价较低，投资者可与选择不转换债券，通过在二级市场交易债券获得溢价收益或者持有至债券到期时获得债券投资的固定收益。同时，可转换债券的债权性也确保了发行人在清算的时候其求偿权的优先级高于股票。
对于发行人来说，可转换债券的利率低于同一条件下普通债券的利率，可以有效降低公司的融资成本。如果投资者在转股期选择将债券转换为普通股票，公司无需另外支付费用，相较于其他权益融资方式也节约了成本。可转换债券将债务性融资和权益性融资功能相结合，使发行人在融资方式、融资性质和融资时间上更具有灵活性。
可转换债券投融资双方的主要风险
对于投资者来说，其主要面临的是经济环境所导致的系统性风险以及发行人经营状况、信用风险等非系统性风险。另外，由于可转换债券的转换性，其标的公司的股价波动也有可能对债券价格造成波动。
对于发行人来说，其所面临的主要为财务压力，可由两种情况所导致。第一种情况，如果转换期内公司股价低迷，持有人不选择将债券转换为股票，债券到期时公司还本付息所造成的财务压力；另一种情况，如果可转换债券设有回售条款，公司股价又低迷，投资者集中将债券回售给发行人所造成的财务压力。

F. 债券回售什么意思

债券回售是指发行人承诺在正股股价持续若干天低于转股价格或非上市公司股票未能在规定期限内发行上市，发行人以一定的溢价（高于面值）收回持有人持有的转债。

G. 哪个好心人能帮忙找一篇英文论文关于“可转换债券”方面的。如果随有翻译成中文的就更加谢谢了了

Convertible bonds depends primarily on the performance of the investment and financing of the operating conditions of the issuing company. Of financiers, the convertible bonds can lead to low-cost financing, equity dilution is relatively weak, to improve the capital structure, flexibility and strong performance; For investors, convertible bonds provide both the safety of the outstanding principal and give access to potential stock earnings growth opportunities. Convertible bonds for the use of effective investment and financing activity, we need to scientifically measured convertible bond performance of the investment and financing, investment and financing in order to avoid errors in decision-making.
First, the performance of convertible bond financing analysis
The issuance of convertible bonds by the financing of the performance of earnings per share to reflect. At the operational effectiveness of certain circumstances, the higher the earnings per share, stock value, the more a more shareholder wealth, the better the performance of financing. Analysis in order to facilitate understanding, the following examples.
Example: the original capital of the company FeiDa 9 000 million, 0.3 yuan per share, the original debt capital of 5 000 million, the annual interest rate of 3%, 33% income tax rate. Refinancing is to be 10 1 0 million yuan investment in new projects, the company decided to issue a face value of 1 000 million, interest rate 1.5% (simple interest), 5-year convertible bonds 100,000, Convertible price of 10 Yuan / shares, the conversion period of six month bonds to the maturity of the bonds after the day ended, and an agreement: If the closing price of shares FeiDa 30 consecutive trading days below the 70% Convertible Price, creditors have the right to hold all or part of convertible bonds to 105% of face value (including the current interest) price to sell the company FeiDa; FeiDa shares if the closing price for 30 trading days the price is higher than 130 percent Convertible, FeiDa companies have the right to 105% of face value (including the current interest) will be the price of the Convertible Bonds have not yet bought back. In addition, if the company is issuing shares FeiDa financing, according to the current stock market price of 8 / 1 125 million shares issued; if the general issue of bond financing, to issue a face value of 1 000 million, the interest rate 3% (simple interest), 5 years 100,000 bonds.
FeiDa company in the investment project under the premise of change, set up new projects of interest to achieve an annual pre-tax profit for the EBIT, the various modes of financing under the earnings per share (EPS) were calculated as follows:
Convertible bonds can be converted before: EPS1 = [(EBIT-10 000 × 1.5%) (1-33%) ÷ 9 000] +0.3;
After Convertible Convertible Bonds: EPS2 = [EBIT (1-33%) +0.3 × 9 000] ÷ (1 000 +9 000) (Note: The number of Convertible = 10 000 ÷ 10 = 1 000 million);
Issue of ordinary shares: EPS3 = [EBIT (1-33%) +0.3 × 9 000] ÷ (1 125 +9 000);
General bond issue: EPS4 = [(EBIT-10 000 × 3%) (1-33%) ÷ 9 000] +0.3.
It is clear that investment in new projects no matter how effective are EPS1> EPS4, EPS2> EPS3, that is, if the failure Convertible convertible bonds and convertible bond financing is always better than the performance of bond financing; Convertible convertible bonds, if successful, Convertible bond financing is always superior to the performance of common stock financing.
Order EPS1 = EPS3, the mode of financing can be obtained in two of the non-points: EBIT1 =
-2 680 (million).
Order EPS2 = EPS4, the mode of financing can be obtained in two of the non-points: EBIT2 =- 1 030 (million).
(1) When the return on investment in new projects is very poor, that is, at EBIT <-2 680 million cases, because of new projects FeiDa cause of the decline in the overall effectiveness of the company, stock prices down not up, Convertible bound to fail, then there is EPS3> EPS1> EPS4, convertible bond financing at this time is better than the performance of bond financing in general worse than the common stock financing.
(2) when the new investment projects in poor, that is, although EBIT at more than -2 680 million, but still not enough to promote the exercise of creditors to the case of equity, then there is EPS1> EPS3, EPS1> EPS4, at this time Convertible bond financing is better than the performance of common stock financing and bond financing in general, is the best option.
(3) When the new project a very good investment returns, that is, companies in the Mainland share prices have risen, and the exercise of incentive to creditors to the case of equity, EBIT necessarily much higher than -1 030 million, while there is EPS4> EPS2> EPS3 at this time could be better than the performance of convertible debt financing to facilitate the financing of ordinary shares in the general bond financing bad.
The above analysis results show that the interests of the shareholders, in most cases, the use of convertible bond financing are favorable, the main reasons are:
1. Low-cost financing. Convertible bond interest rates below the general rate bonds and tax credits have the effect. If the Convertible failure, which is equivalent to the company issued bonds with lower interest rates. Of course, the convertible bond financing, low-cost advantage will graally disappear as the Convertible, but compared with the direct offering financing, or saving some of the costs of pre-Convertible.
2. Diluted share capital of the relatively weak role. Diluted share capital of the new shareholders equity refers to the old shareholders equity dilution resulting from the specific performance of the non-operating earnings per share decline, stock prices fell. Although graally Convertible convertible bonds, the equity dilution effect will graally, but the dilution effect has lagged behind, offering direct financing to avoid the rapid expansion of equity shares arising problem down. In addition, higher prices because of Convertible financing a lot of issued shares, the total amount of financing certain circumstances, the Convertible is less than the number of shares the number of direct, to some extent, reced equity dilution effect.
3. To improve the capital structure. The use of bond financing, is bound to improve the company balance sheet, increased financial risk. General Notes to this effect until the maturity of the bonds to repay, and convertible bonds of this effect in most cases are temporary, with the exercise-to-equity swap, the original principal amount of the debt into a permanent capital inputs at the same time rece the liabilities increased by the interests of capital, financial risks decline, the company's capital structure improved.

4. Flexibility. The adoption of common stock and common bond financing, in the scale of financing, financing companies on the issue of time and financial requirements, such as on the law have more stringent controls, such as the previous fund-raising time of less than a year, continue to use these financing methods will be limited. At this point the use of convertible bond financing to avoid the law. In addition, the form of convertible bonds a variety of distribution companies in accordance with the needs of investors and companies choose their own different way of convertible bond financing.
Two, convertible bond investment performance analysis
Convertible bonds of investment performance can be reflected through the investment income. Investment units in the operational effectiveness of the circumstances must, at the same time to obtain higher return on investment, better investment performance. FeiDa is to invest in the above analysis shows the company as an example. To simplify the analysis process, ignores the impact of personal income tax, and assuming that investors in the Convertible Notes after the expiration of the period to the transfer of ownership does not.
1. When issued in good company when the share prices will rise even more than the price Convertible, Convertible are favorable at this time, investors will transfer some or all of the exercise of options. Must be noted that the investors receive shares of Convertible is not the same as premium income when the stock market in the Convertible Convertible prices and bad, because after the Convertible bring the equity share capital increase will lead to dilution effects of stock price declines, thereby share premium will offset some of the proceeds.
Example bid on, set the price for the Convertible at P0, all Convertible Notes may convert the price after the P1, based on the principle of no-arbitrage equilibrium, there is: P1 = (9 000P0 +1 000 × 10) ÷ (9 000 +1 000) = 1 +0.9 P0.
The assumption that investors in convertible bonds before maturity Convertible, then:
A 5-year convertible bonds amounted to earnings: R1 = 1 000 × 1.5% × 5 + (1 +0.9 P0-10) × (1 000 ÷ 10); a general 5-year revenue bond amount: R2 = 1 000 × 3% × 5 = 150 (million).
So that R1 = R2, can be obtained for receipts of non-point: P0 = 10.83 (RMB / share). It is clear that only in the stock market value of more than 10.83 yuan / exercise-to-equity shares, convertible bonds before the investment performance is superior to the general bond investments. If bond investors select a certain time before the expiration of the Convertible, analysis of its investment performance, the need to consider the dividend increase and loss of revenue bonds the difference between the interest income. Therefore, this case of convertible bonds are usually poor investment performance of investment in common stock.
2. When the issue of poor business, the company's share price changes can be difficult to break through the conversion of the Convertible Bond Price, Convertible usually ended in failure, but basically the principal and interest of bonds or guaranteed. If there fell back to the agreed conditions of sale, investors usually buy back the right to exercise.
Example for on, at the first n-based investors to sell in the exercise of the right, then:
N 1 convertible bonds amounted to years of income: R3 = 1 000 × [5% +1.5% × (n-1)]; a general revenue bond amount n years: R4 = 1 000 × 3% × n.
So that R3 = R4, non-point gains obtained: n = 2.33 (year). In other words, if the conditions to the sale of time shorter than 233 years, the convertible bond investment performance is superior to the general bond investment; if the conditions to the sale of time longer than 2.33 years, or even has not been the emergence of the exercise should not Back to the sale of rights, convertible bonds may be poor investment performance bonds in general. Therefore, this case of convertible bond investment performance is usually better than the common stock investment.
3. When the deterioration of operating conditions of the issuing company, which e to insolvency and bankruptcy, the company's shareholder value is zero, to lose everything invested. At this point, the principal amount of convertible bonds and bonds in general, can only get partial reimbursement, and other living in order to repay the secured creditor's rights after the mortgage, bankruptcy pre-interest income is also lower than the general bond. Therefore, this case of convertible bond investment performance is superior to common stock investments in bad bond investments in general.
This shows that investors select the following principles should be based on convertible bonds: ① issued the company's operating performance despite a certain degree of volatility, but more optimistic about the prospects. Such as the issuance of the company's operating performance has been increasing steadily, should be directly invested in stocks; such as the operation of the issuing company are pessimistic about the prospects, should invest in bonds in general. ② convertible bond interest rates and bond interest rates in general should not differ too much, otherwise, too much loss of interest income to pay the high cost of the options. ③ with the terms of a premium to the sale, when the company's share price fell a serious issue, they can rece the loss of investors. ④ the issuing company a higher credit rating, at least "Baa" level and above, because the safety of convertible bonds is lower than the level of protection secured mortgage debt.

H. 说明可回售条款对债券价格的各种影响

可回售条款对债券的影响主要在于当可回售时点前，当债券市场价格低于回售价格时，存在理论上无风险套利机会，部分市场资金会借用这些机会套取超出市场正常水平的利息差，其计算方式是(债券回售价格-债券市场价格-相关费用)/债券市场价格*365(或360，这要视乎具体情况)/当前距离回售时点的天数(或当前距离预期回售后收回相关现金的天数)，计算得出来的是年化收益，用这个年化收益率对比当前相关时间段内的短期资金利率水平，当这个年化收益率高于当前相关时间段内短期资金利率水平时就会存在套利机会，直到这种套利机会弱化时对债券价格推升就会相应减弱。
很多时候对于普通类债权债券(主要是指非可转债)有可回售条款时都附有在可回售发生时点前，债券发行人调整回售时点后债券票面利率的公告(只能不调整或上调，不能下调)，这是防范债券在发行时票面利率偏低，而发行后市场利率大幅走高，导致有较大面积发生回售的情况发生，对发行人的短期偿付能力造成压力，一般当市场预期债券票面利率会在回售时点后上调时对当前的该债券的市场价格会起到一定的支撑作用。

I. 可转债赎回和回售有什么区别

简单点说

赎回是公司行为，达到规定条件，发行人可以赎回债券

回售是投资人行为，达到规定的条件，投资人有权把债券卖给发行人